Yellowing of the skin causes, symptoms of what diseases

Norm

Jaundice occurs due to disruption of bilirubin metabolism, its excretion and accumulation.

Bilirubin tends to form due to cytochromes, red blood cells and myoglobin, which have broken down.

Bilirubin comes in two forms:

Incoherent. It is toxic, interacts with the protein albumin, and is transported to the liver area through the bloodstream;
Connected. Cells that are in the liver area combine bilirubin and glucuronic acid, changing it into direct or conjugated bilirubin. Next, the liver produces bile, where bilirubin will be located, and it enters the intestines with it. Next, bilirubin is removed from the feces.

Causes of xanthelasma of the eyelids

The cause of the development is considered to be metabolic disorders, most often lipid metabolism, the presence of problems with the heart, liver, pancreas in people suffering from obesity, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Growth occurs slowly, mostly observed in older women. Can be inherited. They will not disappear on their own, so it is necessary to eliminate them. There are several options.

The plaque is affected by:

liquid nitrogen for several seconds until the cells are completely destroyed;
targeted laser, painless, bloodless, without scarring or unpleasant consequences;
radio waves contactlessly evaporate unsuitable layers;
promptly using scissors and tweezers using local anesthesia; the edges of the wound are treated with medications or cauterized with electrodes.

In order to prevent a secondary occurrence, you need to look for the abnormalities in the body responsible for this and cure them.

Types of jaundice

The following types of jaundice are distinguished according to their nature:

Physiological. It occurs most often in children if their liver tissue is immature. Usually occurs in a large percentage of newborns on the third or fourth days of life. Usually occurs in premature babies. This is due to the fact that the body has not yet had time to adapt to the habitable environment. Jaundice itself can disappear in seven to twenty-one days, and does not harm the child’s body.
Hemolytic. It occurs when red blood cells are destroyed. Hemoglobin, when released, turns into bilirubin. This effect may occur due to anemia and changes in the composition of hemoglobin protein. It happens that red blood cells are destroyed due to the influence of poisons and various drugs on them. During pregnancy, this type of jaundice occurs due to conflict between the child and the expectant mother.
Parenchymal (or hepatic). This type of jaundice occurs due to inflammatory processes in the liver tissue due to hypoxia, autoimmune diseases, toxins and hepatitis viruses, which are divided into A, B, C, D, E, F, G.
Mechanical. This jaundice occurs due to disturbances in the bile flow from the liver to the duodenum. This jaundice can appear due to: stones in the ducts, inflammatory processes, narrowing of the ducts (the disease is dangerous due to complications), neoplasia of the pancreas and liver, roundworms and helminths in the gastrointestinal tract, due to which the bile ducts can be blocked and anemia develops.

Another classification of jaundice is based on its duration:

Acute jaundice. Rapid simultaneous onset of symptoms;
Chronic jaundice. Symptoms appear gradually, the speed of their manifestation is associated with the course of the disease that caused jaundice.

Manifestation of xanthelasma

The following external manifestations are characteristic of xanthelasma:

appearance: the shape of a plaque protruding above the skin;
size: from pea to bean;
location: often close to the bridge of the nose on one or both eyelids;
consistency: soft, painless;
color: yellowish;
quantity: single or multiple, merging into an uneven tuberous strip;
speed of spread: appear suddenly and grow slowly, becoming a serious cosmetic problem.

What you need to know

Yellow skin color also occurs due to carotene oversaturation. This happens if a person often eats vegetables and fruits that contain it in large quantities.

How to distinguish such yellowing from jaundice? With it, only the skin is stained, but not the mucous membranes.

It happens that the skin turns yellow due to taking medications containing acryquine or picric acid.

Further, the skin turns yellow. If you consume excessive amounts of spices, spicy foods, fast for a long time, or frequently use alcohol or drugs.

Causes of xanthelasma of the eyelids Diagnosis of the disease Methods for removing xanthelasma of the eyelids Stages of the fight and prevention of xanthelasma
Skin formations are not only a cosmetic defect, but also a signal of an existing disease. Therefore, you should not ignore their appearance. Yellowish plaques, single or multiple, appear on the upper eyelid and are called xanthelasma. Xanthomas protrude on the lower eyelid or other parts of the body. These are benign formations, soft to the touch, with a characteristic color. As a rule, degeneration into malignant does not occur. They are usually diagnosed by a visual examination by a doctor. If necessary, he prescribes additional tests and examinations so as not to confuse them with tumors that pose a threat to health.

Diagnostics

To identify jaundice and determine what kind of disease a person has, you need to carry out the following diagnostics:

CBC, where hemoglobin is determined;
Blood biochemistry, which shows total bilirubin and its secretions;
Lipid profile study;
Test for thyroid hormones;
Testing for tumor markers;
Test for roundworms;
TAM, which determines the level of bilirubin and its secretions;
Immunological analysis to detect antibodies to viral hepatitis;
PCR research;
Antiglobulin test (for newborns);
Fibrogastroduodenoscopy, which shows inflammation, neoplasia and bile duct stones.

Dyspnea

Diagnostic procedures for each patient are selected individually by the doctor.

Stages of fight and prevention of xanthelasma

The only reliable way to combat xanthelasma is to eliminate it. Only the doctor will decide which method is preferable based on the specific situation. The laser beam is one of the latest achievements of high-tech medicine. Our clinic is equipped with modern equipment, and the procedure for removing xanthelasma of the eyelids is carried out by experienced professionals. Laser removal is characterized by a minimal risk of relapse, high sterility, low likelihood of injury to adjacent skin and the absence of subsequent inflammation. Contraindications for this highly effective procedure include diabetes, pregnancy, and the presence of dangerous tumor processes.

Stages of the fight against xanthelasma:

preparation - visiting an ophthalmologist, taking tests, choosing a removal method taking into account the indications;
destruction of education;
restoration with the implementation of appropriate appointments and follow-up examinations.

As preventive measures, you need to choose those that are aimed at the normal functioning of the body as a whole.

To prevent xanthelasma you should:

monitor your weight and achieve its optimal value;
eat wisely, including fruits, vegetables, foods with beneficial properties in your diet, reduce the consumption of flour, fatty foods, and sweets;
stabilize your drinking regime, drink at least two liters a day;
lead a healthy lifestyle, eliminate bad habits, stress, regularly give the body adequate physical activity;
prevent damage to the skin;
observe personal hygiene standards;
strengthen immunity;
systematically undergo preventive examinations.

Addison's disease

The pathology is characterized by bilateral damage to the adrenal cortex. As a result, hormone secretion worsens or stops completely. Often, adrenal insufficiency is associated with autoimmune processes, in which the body essentially fights itself.

Addison's disease manifests itself in the form of the following symptoms:

darkening of the skin and mucous membranes;
weakness, fatigue;
loss of appetite, weight loss;
dizziness, arterial hypotension;
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
craving for salty foods;
depressive states.

Patients undergo adrenal hormone replacement therapy. The diet is also adjusted. The menu should contain a sufficient amount of vitamins, proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The prognosis of the disease is generally favorable.

Symptoms

In the early stages, pigmentation appears in the form of small spots of a light shade. The mechanism of occurrence of the pathological area is associated with the destruction of melanocytes. The area under the eyes is susceptible to vitiligo, as it is the most sensitive area.

At the initial stage of development, the disease is observed by the appearance of small white zones. As the disease progresses, the spots unite together, which externally forms large-scale affected areas. Patients are often diagnosed with a chronic form of the disease, but exacerbations of the pathology are possible in the spring and autumn. It is advisable to protect the affected areas from exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

Symptomatically, vitiligo is accompanied by:

changeable pigmentation under the visual apparatus;
redness in this area;
intensive production of sebaceous secretions;
peeling;
areas with thickenings;
discoloration of hairs on the skin;
sweating disorders.

The patient's general condition remains normal. A patient with vitiligo experiences psycho-emotional discomfort in society.

Treatment

Treatment for yellow circles under the eyes depends on the cause that caused them:

Complete rejection of bad habits so that they do not worsen the condition of the skin and internal organs. It is recommended to use all medications in strict dosages so as not to cause even minor deviations in the condition of internal tissues and various substances.
Use of protective equipment against bright sun rays while tanning or spending a long time outdoors. It is recommended to use products with SPF of 50 units or more. This will prevent not only redness of the skin, but also malignant neoplasms of the epidermis.
Proper nutrition. It is recommended to reduce the amount of fat and increase the amount of protein intake. This normalizes metabolism and prevents obesity. If the patient already suffers from this disease, it is necessary to supplement the diet with active physical activity.
Facial skin care. It is necessary to select glasses with high-quality frames that will not cause oxidation when exposed to liquid. It is also recommended to cleanse the skin daily to prevent clogging of pores and gland ducts.
Drink plenty of water, at least 2 liters per day. This will lead to the normalization of metabolism, the rapid release of toxins from the body, and prevents them from entering organs and tissues, including the face.
Facial and eyelid massage. It can be done at home or with the help of a specialist. Massage improves blood circulation, lymphatic drainage, and skin condition.
Gymnastics for the eyes. This is an auxiliary method that helps relieve tension from the organs of vision and surrounding tissues.
Whitening mask. It is suitable for skin pigmentation that occurs due to age-related changes. To do this, you need to take a small amount of parsley juice and add 23% fat cream. It should be applied to the face for no more than 30 minutes.
Cold and hot shower. It helps tonify the skin, muscle tissue, and blood vessels. Thanks to the shower, blood circulation and lymphatic drainage improves. Such actions can be done using available tools, such as ice cubes. First, they are applied to the skin under the eyelids, then washed with warm water.

Selected treatment methods are used for liver pathology:

preparations based on phospholipids, this substance is embedded in the membrane of hepatocytes, restoring the structure of their membrane, thus the cells completely retain their shape and function;
hepatoprotectors, protecting the damaged liver from the effects of toxins, drugs, viruses and bacteria;
multivitamin complexes that help speed up metabolism, thereby restoring damaged tissues;
antiviral drugs aimed at eliminating the viral nature of the disease;
mandatory use of a diet that reduces the load on the liver.

If yellow circles under the eyes are formed under the influence of a hereditary factor, you can resort to correction with the help of cosmetics. To do this, apply a concealer that masks any unevenness and changes in skin color.